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January 15, 2008
Dividend Reinvestment
What is Dividend Reinvestment?

Dividend reinvestment, also know as “direct investment” is offered by companies in the form of plans that enable shareholders to invest cash and/or dividends directly through the company to buy additional shares of the company’s stock.  In other words, the investor does not receive quarterly dividends directly in cash, but instead reinvests in the underlying equity. Through dividend reinvestment you can bypass brokerage commissions (almost entirely in some cases) because the return on investment from dividend paying stocks is immediately invested for the purpose of price appreciation and compounding. These plans are known as DRIPs (Dividend Reinvestment Plans) and the shares sold through the DRIP are taken out of the company’s shares reserve. This means they cannot be sold on the open market, and when the investors are ready to sell their DRIP shares, they must sell them back to the company that issued them at the current market price.

There are three kinds of plans for dividend reinvestment.  There is the brokerage-run plan in which the broker will allow shareholders to reinvest dividends at no cost (through a discount broker most likely) even if the company does not have a formal DRP.  These plans are simulated and apply to dividends only. They do not permit optional cash purchases like most company sponsored DRP plans do. There are company-run plans which are exactly as stated. Companies will allow you to buy directly through them and there is not a brokerage fee because there is no broker required to facilitate the trade.  Some companies may also offer dividend reinvestment plans as part of retirement investing. The last type of plan is the transfer agent-run.  Most companies have third party “transfer agents” run their programs. These are financial institutions that do this for a number of companies and can provide services at a lower cost typically.

Why dividend reinvestment?
 

Investors get burned due to the wild range of emotions involved in trading and investing. Through this type of stock investing, investors can buy shares on a dollar-cost averaging basis and they can establish portfolio diversification. You can decide how many dollars you intend to invest on an investment schedule that you set up in advance, and the dollar-cost averaging imposes discipline of your investing.

Advantages to dividend reinvestment include the following:

1)  Most companies will allow investors to purchase additional shares for very nominal fees or for no fee at all. Optional Cash Purchase Plans, and/or Stock Purchase Plans allow investors to send in as little as 10 dollars at a time when buying stock additionally.

2)  DRPs do not require a large sum of money to begin. Typically you must own at least one share in order to enroll.

3)  There are some companies that allow investors to purchase stock at a discount price to the current market price.

4)  Through dividend reinvestment, investors are forced to buy stock on a regular basis, thus forcing them to stay on an investment schedule. This schedule makes them invest small amounts of money on a regular basis that they normally would not invest.

One downside to using Dividend Reinvestment Plans is that the investor must keep track of cost basis for many small purchases of stock dividends, and also maintain a record of the purchases. This record keeping can be costly at times and very tedious. It must however, be done, in order for the investor to accurately calculate the capital gain tax when any shares are sold. This must be provided to the IRS if requested.

Dividend reinvestment is one of many investment options that works for the very patient, detail oriented, and organized investor. Some investors, however, find it burdensome due to the amount of paperwork and consistent tracking.  Be sure to do your research before embarking on this investing strategy.


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